The advantages and disadvantages of various ways of raising broilers
There are generally three types of broiler raising: ground raising, net rack raising and cage raising. Practice has proved that raising Ai Weiyin broilers in net racks is the most suitable way of raising in the vast rural areas.
1. The characteristics of net rearing
1. Grid rearing is better than flat rearing. First of all, net-frame culture keeps the chickens off the ground and avoids contact with ground excrement, which reduces the incidence of colibacillosis and coccidiosis. Secondly, it is convenient to clean the manure of the chicken house, which can effectively reduce labor intensity and labor time.
2. Net-frame breeding is better than cage-raised net-raised broiler chickens. The equipment is simple and the cost is low. Generally, the equipment investment for raising 100 chickens is between 30 and 40 yuan. The investment in cage equipment is calculated at the current market price, and the minimum is 200 yuan. In net-raised chicken, the net surface is softer than the cage, the activity area is open, and the chicken has a large range of movement. The common leg diseases and empyema in broilers are much smaller than in cages.
2. The main points of net cage culture technology
1. The construction of the chicken coop. It is best to choose a chicken coop far away from the village, with a slightly higher terrain and good ventilation. No matter whether you build an asbestos tiled house or a bungalow, the house should not be too low. A house with too low has poor insulation in winter and poor in summer. Set skylights on the roof, leave vents at the roots of the walls, doors and windows should not be too small, and the span of the house should be more than 5 meters.
2, heating up. Temperature is the key to increase the survival rate of broilers. After the chicken house is built, it is best to use land for heating equipment. The fire head of the kang should be built on the side of the gable near the door of the house. After the fire dragon enters the house, it will be divided into left and right forks. It will meet on the other gable and be discharged from the chimney outside the wall. The distance between the fire dragon and the left and right walls is about 0.75 to 1.50 meters.
3. The construction of the grid. Chicken nets are generally built about 1 to 1.2 meters above the ground, on both sides of the house, directly above the fire dragon, and a corridor of about 0.5 to 0.75 meters is left in the middle to facilitate work such as cleaning manure, adding food and water. The rack is constructed with bamboo poles or wooden sticks with a diameter of 2 to 2.5 cm, which is suitable to bear the weight of an adult.
4. Preparation before entering the young. To build a new chicken house, simply spray it with disinfectant once. For example, use Baidusha, Sanshiwang, etc. spray. If it is an old chicken house, first clean the equipment of the chicken house carefully, and then spray it with 2% NaOH solution. Then, it is fumigated with potassium permanganate and formaldehyde, and finally with Baidusha spray. After all the disinfection is completed, start to ignite and pre-warm, so that the temperature in the brooding range reaches 32-35°C. The preheating time depends on the season and the outside temperature. Generally, warm up for 2 to 3 days in winter, 2 days in spring and autumn, and 1 day in summer. Check the thermometer at any time to see if the temperature meets the requirements. Preheat the stove to prevent gas poisoning.
5. Management after entering the young. After entering the chicks, drink water for the chicks first, and add electrolytic multi-dimensional and glucose to the drinking water to reduce the stress during transportation. The temperature after entering the chicks is the best standard for the comfort of the flock. If the flock is far away from the heat source, and there is the phenomenon of mouth breathing, it indicates that the temperature is too high. If the chickens are close to the heat source and crowded together, the temperature is low. The chickens are evenly scattered on the edge of the heat source, which indicates that the temperature is moderate. Generally, the temperature in the previous week was 32-35°C, and then it dropped by about 3°C every week, and finally it was more appropriate to reach 21°C. Broilers are in a suitable temperature range, and the ideal humidity is about 40-72%. Excessive humidity will induce a variety of diseases such as coccidiosis. Low humidity, increased dust in the air, and respiratory diseases are likely to occur.
Broilers generally use 24 hours of light. If you give 1 hour of darkness a day, the chickens can adapt to the dark environment. Once the power is cut off, they will not be crowded and choked. The principle of light intensity for broilers is from strong to weak. At 1 to 2 weeks, there should be 2.7 watts of light per square meter. This can help the chicks to familiarize themselves with the environment and fully eat and drink. Starting from the third week, the amount of light was changed to 0.7 to 1.3 watts per square meter. Strong light is harmful to chickens and hinders growth, while weak light can make chickens quiet and help grow and fatten.
Fresh air and proper circulation in the chicken house are prerequisites for raising broilers. Enough oxygen can keep the chickens in good health. Generally, the oxygen content of the chicken house should be kept above 18%. Avoid excessive ammonia in the house. Inhalation of too much ammonia can irritate the trachea, cause tracheitis, conjunctivitis, ascites, etc., and increase the chance of coccidiosis infection. , Thereby reducing the conversion rate of feed and causing slow growth.
Regular epidemic prevention can effectively prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases. Such as Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, bronchitis, etc., broiler chickens generally use 4 vaccines. In the first week, use H120 to drop the nose and instill the eyes. In the second week, use H52 to drink water. In the fourth week, use H52 again.
By observing the flock, you can know the health status of the flock at any time. Healthy chickens have good spirits, quick reactions, and strong appetites. Unhealthy chickens are sluggish, slow to move, neck and close eyes, slow reactions, stray and sloppy wings, and poor spirits. Under normal circumstances, stool has a certain shape, gray-brown, and a certain amount of white substance attached to the surface. If the stool is abnormal, it means that you have been infected with the disease, and you must be diagnosed and treated in time to avoid economic losses.
